EU-China Relations: Insights into Dynamics and Strategies
Photo:Reuters
Recent remarks by Ursula von der Leyen, President of the European Commission, have ignited debates within the European Union (EU) concerning its stance on China. This report seeks to provide a holistic analysis of the EU’s China policy, unraveling the interplay between overt positions and underlying dynamics. By examining the consistent and stable nature of the EU’s approach, the significance of the transatlantic axis, and the pivotal role of EU-China relations, we can gain a nuanced understanding of the influencing factors such as perceived U.S. pressure, apprehensions about China’s technological progress, and the impact of traditional political structures on decision-making. The EU’s foreign policy is anchored in the enduring transatlantic axis, where the United States remains a fundamental ally and reliable partner. This historical reliance, established post-World War II, shapes the EU’s outlook, fostering a continued dependency on the U.S. in military, political, and technological realms. Despite occasional fluctuations in relationships with other nations, the transatlantic axis remains an indispensable pillar of the EU’s long-term perspective.
Acknowledging the limitations of an exclusive focus on the transatlantic axis, the EU recognizes the growing significance of its relations with China. In an era of globalization, characterized by intertwined economic and political influences, the EU-China connection is pivotal. This interconnectedness becomes particularly pronounced in emerging fields such as the digital economy and artificial intelligence, where China, the U.S., and the EU are global leaders. However, the EU’s apparent compliance with U.S. political pressure, exemplified by statements from leaders like Ursula von der Leyen, demands a closer examination. While some critics interpret this as submission, it is crucial to view such alignment as a strategic maneuver, serving the EU’s pragmatic interests without necessarily indicating a true representation of its core values. A significant aspect influencing the EU’s stance is the perceived fear of China’s technological progress. China’s substantial advancements, especially in the “new economy” post-industrial era, have fueled concerns among EU decision-makers, including von der Leyen. This apprehension has prompted initiatives like the proposed “risk mitigation pillars,” aimed at addressing perceived risks associated with China’s technological rise. The challenges posed by traditional political structures further complicate EU decision-making. The “term effect” and inherent “variability” of EU politicians introduce a dynamic where short-term electoral considerations may eclipse long-term strategic interests. This inherent political variability creates a landscape where leaders may adapt their positions based on changing political landscapes, potentially deviating from initial policy objectives. The EU’s approach to China is characterized by a consistent and stable policy framework rooted in the enduring transatlantic axis and an acknowledgment of the pivotal importance of EU-China relations. While apparent compliance with U.S. pressure and concerns about China’s technological advancements create complexities, understanding the surface and subtext of EU leaders’ statements is essential. By recognizing the nuanced motivations behind EU decisions, effective communication strategies can be crafted to promote a shared understanding of global cooperation and align with China’s objectives for peaceful development and the concept of a “community of shared human destiny.
By Jiashun TANG
